Class 1

Class 1 – Introduction to Cyber Security and Kali Linux

Class Material: Day1, Questions for Understanding

This session provides a foundational understanding of cybersecurity principles, common threats, attacker types, and hands-on exposure to cybersecurity tools using Kali Linux.

Key Topics Covered:

1. What is Cybersecurity?
   Cybersecurity refers to the practice of defending computer systems, networks, and data from digital attacks. The primary objectives follow the CIA Triad:

   • Confidentiality – Ensuring sensitive data is accessed only by authorized users.

   • Integrity – Maintaining data accuracy and preventing unauthorized alterations.

   • Availability – Ensuring reliable access to data and systems when needed.

2. Common Cybersecurity Threats

   • Malware – Harmful software like viruses, worms, ransomware, and spyware.

   • Phishing – Deceptive attempts to trick individuals into revealing sensitive info through fake emails, messages, or websites.

   • Ransomware – Malicious software that locks data and demands payment for access.

   • Data Breaches – Unauthorized access to confidential information.

   • Historical Cyberattacks – Notable examples include WannaCry, NotPetya, Stuxnet, SolarWinds, and Equifax breaches.

3. Types of Attackers

   • White Hats – Ethical hackers who test and secure systems.

   • Black Hats – Malicious hackers aiming to exploit systems for personal gain.

   • Gray Hats – Hackers operating in a legal gray area; may expose vulnerabilities without malicious intent.

   • Insider Threats – Individuals within an organization who accidentally or intentionally compromise security.

   • Social Engineers – Attackers who manipulate human behavior to gain access to systems or data.

4. Kali Linux Introduction

   • Kali Linux is a specialized Linux distribution built for security professionals.

   • Legal use includes penetration testing and cybersecurity training.

   • Various installation options: Bare Metal, Virtual Machine (VM), Live USB, Dual Boot, ARM devices, and Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL).

5. Hands-On with the Terminal
   Students are introduced to basic Linux terminal commands such as:

   • pwd, ls, cd, mkdir, touch, cat
     These commands help navigate and manage the file system in Kali Linux.

This lecture sets the stage for the cybersecurity journey by introducing essential concepts, identifying key threats and attacker types, and providing hands-on interaction with Kali Linux — a vital tool in the cybersecurity toolkit.